Lesson 4 |
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A positive /
negative charge
���Ǻǡ
/ ����ź The battery produces
an electrical charge.
ẵ��������ҧ��Ш�俿�� circuit ǧ�� an electrical
circuit
ǧ��俿�� short circuit
�����俿���Թ�Դ�ҧ˹�ŧ�Թ��������ͧ��鹡����俺����ͧ conductor ��ǹ�俿�� Wood is
a poor conductor.
����繵�ǹ�俿�ҷ����� current �����俿��
a 15 amp electrical current
�����俿���Ժ��������� electric 俿��
I�ve paid the electric. (=the bill for the supply of electricity.)
�ѹ���¤��� flow ������
The government is improving traffic
flow in Bangkok.
�Ѱ��š��ѧ��Ѻ��ا������/�������͹��Ǣͧ��è�Ҩ�㹡�ا෾����բ�� insulation ��áѹ俿�����ͤ�����͹
��ʴط������ö�繩�ǹ
Better insulation of your home will help to reduce heating bills.
��ǹ�ѹ������͹㹺�ҹ���ըЪ��»����Ѵ���� insulator ��ǹ
The wires must be completely covered with an insulator, like rubber or
plastic. 1 (page104)
����Ǵ俿�ҵ�ͧ�թ�ǹ���ҧ���;��ʵԡ������������ power ��ѧ�ҹ 俿��
1 energy the strength or energy
contained in something
The ship was helpless against the power of the storm.
�����������Ҿ�����ѧ�ҡ��õ�͵�ҹ���ѧ����
2 electricity the public supply of
electricity
They have switched off the power.
�ҷ�����»Դ�����俿�� product �ż�Ե
Try to get the best product at the lowest price.
������������ż�Ե���շ���ش�����Ҥҷ���ӷ���ش production ��ü�Ե
The production of electricity is the changing of other forms of energy
into electric
current.1 (page 104)
��ü�Ե�����俿�Ҥ�͡������¹��ѧ�ҹ�ٻẺ�������繡����俿�� protection ��û�ͧ�ѹ
For protection against an electric shock, there should be good
insulation on both
wires.1 (page 111)
�����繡�û�ͧ�ѹ�����俿���Ѵǧ�� ��è��թ�ǹ���������Ǵ俿�ҷ���ͧ��� screw �л٤ǧ
Now tighten all the screws.
�͹������ѹ�л٤ǧ������ screwdriver 䢤ǧ shock 俿�ҡ�еء���ҧ�ع�ç 俿�Ҫ�͵ = electric shock
If you touch an uninsulated wire, you could get hurt by an electric
shock when the
electricity flows through your body. 1 (page 99)
��Ҥس�������Ǵ俿�ҷ������թ�ǹ���� �س����ö���Ѻ�ѹ���¨ҡ俿�Ҫ�͵����͡����俿����ż�ҹ��ҧ��¢ͧ�س wire ����Ǵ
a coil of copper wire
���Ǵ�ͧᴧ wiring �Ը��Թ���俿��
A short circuit in your home�s electrical wiring or in an appliance�s
wiring can cause
the power to go out. alc99
��ê�͵�ͧ����Ǵ俿��㹺�ҹ���������ͧ��俿������ö�����俿�ҴѺ��
attach ������蹵Դ�Ѻ
Attach the coupon to the front of your letter.
�Դ�ٻͧ���˹�Ҩ����¢ͧ�س charge (with
electricity)
��Ш� �Ѵ
The electricity charges the thin wires inside the bulb. alc111
俿�һ�Ш�ŧ������Ǵ������ʹ� conduct �ӡ����俿��
Copper conducts electricity well.
�ͧᴧ�ӡ����俿����� damage �����
The fire badly damaged the town hall.
����������Ҥ���Ⱥ����������ҡ generate ��Ե
Electricity is produced by extremely powerful machines called
generators. The electric
current that these machines generate flows to homes, buildings, and
factories through
thick wires, which are called power lines. 1 (page104)
俿�Ҷ١��Ե������ͧ�ѡ÷���վ�ѧ���������¡�������ͧ��俿��
�����俿�ҷ������ͧ��俿�ҹ���Ե�����仵����ҹ �Ҥ�� �ç�ҹ �����
��ҹ�Ǵ俿�ҫ�觶١���¡������� flow ���
Warm and cool air flow easily through the walls and roof of a poorly
insulated home,
and that makes the
heater or air conditioner work harder. 1 (page95)
�ҡ����� �ҡ����� ��ż�ҹ��ᾧ �����ѧ�ҷ�����Ѻ��õԴ��駩�ǹ������������ҧ���� �ѹ�����˵ط����������ͧ�Ӥ���ͺ���
����
����ͧ�Ӥ�����繵�ͧ�ӧҹ˹ѡ insulate �ѹ俿�����ͤ�����͹ power ����ѧ�ҹ
The aircraft is powered by a jet engine.
����ͧ�Թ���ѧ�ҹ�ҡ����ͧ¹���� run ��ҹ
Our van runs on diesel.
ö�ͧ�����觴��¹���ѹ���� twist �Դ �Ѵ
Twist the wire to form a circle.
�Դ����Ǵ������ٻǧ���
electric ����ǡѺ俿��
an electric light �ʧ俿��
an electric guitar �յ���俿�� electrical ����ǡѺ俿�� connected with electricity; using or
producing electricity
electrical equipment / appliances ����ͧ��� / �ػ�ó�俿��
electrical power / energy ��ѧ�ҹ俿��
Select the word in the
box to fill in the blank.
2 Water is a very good ______ of
electricity. 3 Don�t work on the ______ in your
home if you are not an electrician. Always rely on a professional to do the
job. alc99 4 Rubber is often used for
________ because it�s a poor conductor. 5 It is very dangerous to touch an
uninsulated ______________. 6 This lamp doesn�t work because
there is a ________ in the plug. 7 She ________ her new phone
before she put it into use.
1 to flow _____
to bend or turn something into a particular shape 2 power _____
to supply a vehicle with the energy that makes it work 3 product _____
to protect something with a material that prevents heat, sound,
electricity, etc. from passing through 4 screwdriver _____
to fasten or join one thing to another 5 to attach _____
a tool used for turning screws 6 to charge _____
to operate or function 7 to conduct _____
to produce or create something 8 to generate _____
to allow heat or electricity to pass along or through it 9 to run _____
to pass electricity through something so that it is stored there 10 to insulate _____
something that is produced and sold in large quantities, often
as a result of a manufacturing process 11 power _____
electricity 12 twist _____
to move steadily and continuously in one direction
too ��� so �����������¤�͡���������ʴ�������繾�ͧ (agreement)
���� �ʴ���������͹�ѹ be verbs
She is nice.
He is nice.
She
is nice, and he is too.
She is nice, and so is he. Other verbs
I run fast. She runs fast.
I run fast, and she does too.
I
run fast, and so does she. Modals
She can swim well.
He can swim well.
She can swim well, and he can too.
She can swim well, and so can he. Helping verbs
She �s been to France.
I�ve been to France.
She �s been to France, and
I have too.
She �s been to France, and
so have I.
Fill in the missing verb. 1
She wins the prize,
and I ________ too. 2
David is excited,
and so _______ his coach. 3
They are nervous
about the tests, and so ____ I. 4
My son will go to
France, and your son ______ too. 5
She�s been in the
military for 10 years, and they __________ too.
����¤ (clause)
����դ� either ���ա�������ٻ����ʸ (negative) ����¤����դ� neither
�����ٻ������繺͡����
(positive) Verb �Be�
He isn�t doing well.
They aren�t doing well.
He isn�t doing well, and they�re not either.
He isn�t doing well, and neither are they. Other verbs
She didn�t come.
He didn�t come.
She didn�t come, and he
didn�t either.
She didn�t come, and neither did he. Modals and helping verbs
We haven�t studied. They
haven�t studied.
We haven�t studied, and they haven�t either.
We haven�t studied, and neither have they.
Fill in the missing verb. 1 I don�t like
cooking, and neither ______ Susan. 2 She didn�t go
to France last year, and neither ____ I. 3 You aren�t in
the military, and your son _____ either. 4 You shouldn�t
eat shrimps, and neither ______ she. 5 Gold prices
haven�t been decreasing, and neither ______ food prices.
�Ӥس�Ѿ��
(adjective) �ҧ�������ö��� �ӻѨ��� (suffix)�en� ���仢�ҧ�������ͷ����Ӥس�Ѿ�����繤ӡ������
�Ӥس�Ѿ����ǹ�Ë�����Ѩ���
�en� ���仢�ҧ���¤������ ����ա������¹����С� ��Ӥس�Ѿ����ŧ���´��� �e� �������Ѩ��� �n� ��ҹ���� wide + n = widen
loose + n
= loosen �Ӥس�Ѿ������ҧ�ӡ�͹����Ѩ���
�en� ���������Ñ��з����ա���˹�觡�͹����Ѩ��� �en� �� Fat + t
+ en = fatten
Circle the correct answer 1 My face ________ when I am
hungry.
a. reddens
b. red
c. turn red 2 Could you ________ the room so
we can watch the film?
a. get dark
b. dark
c. darken 3 This knife is dull, I need to
________ it.
a. sharp
b. be sharp
c. sharpen
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